hayward fault earthquake 1868

Location Taken: Hayward, CA, US. On October 21, 1868, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake struck the San Francisco Bay area. The section of the Hayward Fault that produced the 1868 Hayward earthquake is highlighted in yellow. Ruins of the Alameda County courthouse in San Leandro, after an earthquake on the Hayward Fault on October 21, 1868. October 21, 2008 marks the 140th anniversary of the 1868 Hayward earthquake, which was the first great “San Francisco earthquake” and one of the most damaging earthquakes in the nation's history. Securing the homeland through the power of information. Historically, at least one, and probably two, major earthquakes (about M 6.8) occurred along the Hayward fault, one in 1836 and another in 1868. Field Guides. Forget Cascadia and San Andreas: A Hayward fault megaquake could cause 'greatest natural disaster ever to hit the US', warn experts. Modified Mercalli Intensity maps for the Hayward earthquake plotted in ShakeMap format. The last big earthquake along the Hayward Fault was in 1868. During the 1868 earthquake, the southern end of the fault ruptured, sending seismic shock waves throughout the region. Image Dimensions: 590 x 662. The 1868 Hayward earthquake and more recent analogs such as the 1995 Kobe earthquake are stark reminders of the awesome energy waiting to be released from below the east side of the San Francisco Bay along the Hayward Fault. The western side moved north and the eastern side moved south. We have documented a chronology of 11 paleoearthquakes on the southern Hayward fault (HS) preceding the Mw6.8, 1868 earthquake. He has many fascinating first-hand accounts and rare images. What happened in the last big earthquake on the Hayward fault? It makes up one of the larger faults within the San Andreas Fault System, and has a history of large, damaging earthquakes. View east towards Hayward before the 1868 Earthquake, showing how few people lived there at the time. Services. Request an Individual Account Request an Organization-wide Account Become a Contributor Partners & Sponsors. Geometry and Evolution of the Hayward Fault. The Hayward Fault extends from San Pablo Bay where it joins up with the Rodgers Creek Fault, to south of San Jose, where it merges with the Calaveras Fault, a length of 140 mi (230 km). Published magnitude estimates have been fairly consistent, ranging from 6.8 to 7.2, with 95% confidence limits including values as low as 6.5. The East Bay experiences the 1868 Hayward Fault Earthquake. During the 1868 earthquake, the southern end of the fault ruptured, sending seismic shock waves throughout the region. In Fremont, the fault is marked by the ponds next to the BART station. On October 21, 1868, a major earthquake on the Hayward Fault ruptured a section of the fault from the location of present -day Fremont to just north of Oakland (Yu and Segall, 1996). Despite the importance of the Hayward fault for earthquake hazards in the San Francisco Bay area, neither the rupture length nor the average coseismic slip in the most recent major earthquake, which occurred in 1868, is well known. In Fremont, the fault is marked by the ponds next to the BART station. . ] It was approximately a magnitude 6.9. The Hayward fault is considered the most likely source of one or more major earthquakes in the San Francisco Bay area in the next few decades. Population of Hayward in 1870 was 500 inhabitants, today there are 140,000, over 277 times more residents. The “Shake Map” at right shows the shaking intensities expected for a hypothetical scenario earthquake (magnitude 6.7) on the southern Hayward Fault, which last ruptured in 1868 in an event of magnitude about 6.9. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is releasing a new map showing the shaking produced by the 1868 Hayward earthquake, the 12th most deadly earthquake in U.S. history. The Hayward Fault Zone is a geologic fault zone capable of generating destructive earthquakes.This fault is about 74 mi (119 km) long, situated mainly along the western base of the hills on the east side of San Francisco Bay.It runs through densely populated areas, including Richmond, El Cerrito, Berkeley, Oakland, San Leandro, Castro Valley, Hayward, Union City, Fremont, and San Jose. Although the region was sparsely populated, the quake on the Hayward Fault was one of the most destructive in California’s history. 1868 Hayward Earthquake: 140-Year Retrospective: RMS Special Report; HSDL search results for: Hayward Fault Earthquake; Access. Although many reports and on-line resources have been compiled about the science and engineering associated with earthquakes on the Hayward Fault, this report has been prepared to serve as an … We estimate slip in the 1868 earthquake by analyzing triangulation data collected between 1853–1860 and 1876–1891. The city was devastated early in its history by the 1868 Hayward earthquake. Source: This field-trip guidebook was compiled to help commemorate the 140 th anniversary of an estimated M 7.0 earthquake that occurred on the Hayward Fault at approximately 7:50 AM, October 21st, 1868. The Hayward Fault—Is It Due for a Repeat of the Powerful 1868 Earthquake? On Oct. 21, 1868, a major quake struck on the East Bay's Hayward Fault. A repeat of the 1868 earthquake on the Hayward Fault would produce strong shaking throughout the San Francisco Bay Area with shaking ranging from strong to very strong in the cities of Hayward, San Leandro, and Fremont. The fault broke for about 30 miles from around Milpitas to the Oakland-Berkeley border. Details. 2008. In contrast to many other moderate-to-large historical events, the causative fault is clearly established. These scenarios are larger than the magnitude 6.8 Hayward 1868 earthquake, but are about as likely to occur because there has not been a large earthquake on the northern portion of the Hayward fault for about 300 years. The last major earthquake on the Hayward Fault, with magnitude 6.5-7.0, occurred on October 21, 1868. Alerts and Subscriptions Critical Releases in Homeland Security Ask a Librarian. The Fault The Hayward Fault runs from Fremont, north through Berkeley and ends somewhere in San Pablo Bay. The 21 October 1868 Hayward, California, earthquake is among the best-characterized historical earthquakes in California. Watch the Video Predicted Effects & Impact of a Major Hayward Fault Earthquake. Afterward, the county seat moved to Oakland. The fault slipped 3 to 6 feet along the fault. . Date Taken: 2018 (approx.) Hayward Fault and 1868 Earthquake Virtual Special Issue. The fault roughly follows the hills, but it does go through several cities. Richard has spoken on both the 1868 and 1906 Earthquakes scores of times and can customize the presentation to a specific audience or local focus. The jolt reached across the Bay and caused extensive damage in San Francisco, the region's largest city, so the name stuck. earthquake? Earthquake Overview of Hayward in 1868 The Fault The Hayward Fault runs from Fremont, north through Berkeley, and ends somewhere in San Pablo Bay. There is a 3 out of 4 chance of a damaging earthquake in the Bay Area in the next 30 years. Dot size indicates the present relative population sizes of cities. —Is it overdue for a repeat of the powerful 1868 [ , 1906, 1700, or . The M 7 October 21, 1868 Hayward fault earthquake produced a 30-to-40-km-long surface rupture, and slip of up to 2 m may have extended at depth from Warm Springs to near Berkeley [Yu and Segall, 1996]. The population at risk from a Hayward Fault earthquake is now 100 times larger than in 1868. In 1868 the 6.8-magnitude Hayward earthquake on the Hayward Fault collapsed buildings throughout the Fremont area, ruining Mission San José and its outbuildings. Major earthquake faults in the San Francisco Bay region. October 21, 2018 marks the 150th anniversary of the 1868 Hayward earthquake, which was the first great “San Francisco earthquake” and one of the most damaging earthquakes in U.S. history. Geophysical data along the Hayward Fault are used to investigate the nature, spatial relationship, and evolution of the Hayward Fault Zone. RE: The Hayward Fault [ or the San Andreas or the Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ) or the . Earthquake Science Zones: There will be two sites that people could ask scientists and educators about the science behind the Hayward Fault. The Hayward Fault: 140 Years after the 1868 Hayward Earthquake U.S. Geological Survey, California Geological Survey, Seismological Society of America . Therefore, all residents of the East Bay must be aware of the hazard that lies below their feet. By Thomas M. Brocher, Jack Boatwright, James J. Lienkaemper, Carol S. Prentice, David P. Schwartz, and Howard Bundock. 2nd Alameda Co. This difference is mainly due to the fact that a large earthquake last occurred on the Hayward Fault in 1868, and because the interval between the last five major quakes is 140 years (This year is the 150th anniversary of the 1868 quake). . ] The 1868 earthquake on the Hayward Fault capped a decade-long sequence of seven increasingly strong quakes in the Bay Area. . Society of California Pioneers. The fault roughly follows the hills, but it does go through several cities. These large earthquakes were both regular and frequent, as indicated by a 0.40 coefficient of variation and mean recurrence interval (MRI) of 161 ± 65 yr (1σ of recurrence intervals). Hayward Fault and 1868 Earthquake Special Collection. Courthouse, San Leandro. No other large historic earthquake has been unequivocally assigned to the Hayward fault. Fremont Earthquake Exhibit. The Hayward Fault runs through the San Francisco suburb of Hayward, California. … Intensity Maps for the 1868 Hayward Earthquake. Luke Blair and Susan Garcia (both from the U.S. Geological Survey showcased the "Faulted Floor" where 60 years of "creep" along the Hayward Fault can be seen. A lesser-known cousin of the San Andreas Fault, the Hayward Fault is a crack in the earth’s crust up to 20 miles deep that stretches roughly 70 miles from San Pablo Bay in the north to Fremont and Milpitas at its southernmost end. On October 21, 1868, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake occurred on the Hayward Fault in the East Bay. Hayward Fault runs across photo near base of the escarpment below Hayward Hotel . Until 1906, the 1868 earthquake was considered the "Great Earthquake." Hayward Fault Shake Map. 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